Berkeley Hundred Massacre

Media file	Title: Berkeley Hundred Massacre Media type: story Format:
Record ID number	ab6e3a89-334a-4deb-8d2a-18cc10f8b8fe
OBJE:_META	<metadataxml><content><line>Berkeley Hundred</line><line><div style=": relative; line-height: 1.6; font-size: 0.875em; z-index: 0;"></line><line><div style="font-size: 12.88px;">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div></line><line><div style="font-size: 11.76px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px 0px 1.4em 1em; color: #54595d; width: auto;">&nbsp;</div></line><line><div>&nbsp;</div></line><line>Jump to navigationJump to search</line><line><div style="direction: ltr;"></line><line><div></line><line><div style="font-style: italic; padding-: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">This article is about the early settlement in Virginia. For the hundred of Berkeley in Gloucestershire, England, see&nbsp;Hundred of Berkeley.</div></line><line><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"><strong>Berkeley Hundred</strong>&nbsp;in the&nbsp;Virginia Colony&nbsp;comprised about eight thousand acres (32&nbsp;km&sup2;) on the north bank of the&nbsp;James River&nbsp;near Herring Creek in an area then known as&nbsp;Charles Cittie&nbsp;(sic). It later became known as&nbsp;Berkeley Plantation, and was long the traditional home of the Harrison family, one of the&nbsp;First Families of Virginia.</p></line><line><span id="History" class="mw-headline">History</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; font-size: small; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; font-family: sans-serif; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: #54595d;">[</span><a style="text-decoration-line: none; color: #0b0080; background: none;" title="Edit section: History" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berkeley_Hundred&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: #54595d;">]</span></span></line><line><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Berkeley Hundred was a&nbsp;land grant&nbsp;in 1618 of the&nbsp;Virginia Company of London&nbsp;to Sir&nbsp;William Throckmorton, Sir&nbsp;George Yeardley,&nbsp;George Thorpe, Richard Berkeley, and John Smyth (1567&ndash;1641) of&nbsp;Nibley. Smyth was also the historian of the Berkeley group, collecting over 60 documents relating to the settlement of Virginia between 1613 and 1634 which have survived to modern times.</p></line><line><div style="clear: right; float: right; margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"></line><line><div style="min-width: 100px; border: 1px solid #c8ccd1; padding: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; font-size: 13.16px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 222px;"></line><line><div style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 12.3704px; text-align: ;"></line><line><div style="float: right; margin-: 3px; margin-right: 0px;">&nbsp;</div></line><line>Shrine of the first U.S. Thanksgiving in 1619 at Berkeley Hundred in Charles City County, Virginia</div></line><line></div></line><line></div></line><line><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">In 1619, the ship&nbsp;<em>Margaret</em>&nbsp;of&nbsp;Bristol, England&nbsp;sailed for Virginia under Captain John Woodliffe and brought thirty-eight settlers to the new Town and Hundred of Berkeley. The&nbsp;London Company&nbsp;proprietors instructed the settlers that "the day of our ships arrival . . . shall be yearly and perpetually kept as a day of&nbsp;Thanksgiving." The Margaret landed her passengers at Berkeley Hundred on December 4, 1619. The settlers did indeed celebrate a day of "Thanksgiving", establishing the tradition two years and 17 days before the Pilgrims arrived aboard the&nbsp;<em>Mayflower</em>&nbsp;at&nbsp;Plymouth, Massachusetts&nbsp;to establish their Thanksgiving Day in 1621.<sup style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-size: 11.2px;">[1]</sup><sup style="line-height: 1; font-size: 11.2px; white-space: nowrap;">[<em><span title="This source appears to be instructions for a self-guided tour; isn't there something more authoritative? (January 2017)">better&nbsp;source&nbsp;needed</span></em>]</sup></p></line><line><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">On March 22, 1622,&nbsp;Opchanacanough, head of the&nbsp;Powhatan Confederacy, began the&nbsp;Second Anglo-Powhatan War&nbsp;with a coordinated series of attacks against English settlements along the James River, known in English histories as the&nbsp;Indian massacre of 1622. Nine colonists were killed at Berkeley. The assault took a heavier toll elsewhere, killing about a third of all the colonists, and virtually wiping out&nbsp;Wolstenholme Towne&nbsp;on&nbsp;Martin's Hundred&nbsp;and Sir&nbsp;Thomas Dale's progressive development and new college at&nbsp;Henricus. Jamestown was spared through a timely warning and became the refuge for many survivors who abandoned outlying settlements. A myth about the March 22 date was that it occurred on Good Friday. This is incorrect.<sup style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-size: 11.2px;">[2]</sup></p></line><line><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">For several years thereafter, the plantation at Berkeley Hundred lay abandoned, until William Tucker and others got possession of it in 1636, and it became the property of John Bland, a merchant of London. By this time, the area had become part of&nbsp;Charles City Shire&nbsp;in 1634, later renamed&nbsp;Charles City County.</p></line><line><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Giles Bland, son of John Bland, inherited it, but he was hanged by Governor Sir&nbsp;William Berkeley&nbsp;in 1676, after participating in&nbsp;Bacon's Rebellion. Confiscated by Governor Berkeley, the land was purchased in 1691 by&nbsp;Benjamin Harrison&nbsp;(1673&ndash;1710), attorney general of the colony, treasurer and speaker of the&nbsp;House of Burgesses. He died at age thirty-seven in 1710, leaving the property to his only son, also named&nbsp;Benjamin.</p></line><line><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">The Berkeley Hundred was the next plantation down river from the&nbsp;Shirley Plantation.<sup style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-size: 11.2px;">[3]</sup></p></line><line><p>&nbsp;</p></line><line></div></line><line></div></line><line></div></line></content></metadataxml>
OBJE:_CREA	2020-03-10 21:00:46.000
OBJE:_CLON	_TID: 18454250 _PID: 122034306657 _OID: 646ebde0-005d-42ee-b41f-fdf38543e58a
OBJE:_ORIG	u
Unique identifier	9B498CA39D3645848930BFDF9A5B6387E51D

Alive Dead Death>100 Death<=100 Birth>100 Birth<=100 Roots Leaves
Given names	Surname	Sosa	Birth		Place		Death		Age	Place	Last change
Francis Gabriel Holland				May 18, 1596	427	St Martin in the Fields, Westminster, Middlesex, England	1	1665	359	68	James City County, Virginia, USA	Never	M	YES	YES	R

Both alive Widower Widow Both dead Roots Leaves Not married Marriage>100 Marriage<=100 Divorce Multiple marriages
Given names	Surname	Age	Given names	Surname	Age	Marriage		Place		Last change